exercice NESSUS


List of hosts
192.168.62.1 Medium Severity problem(s) found
192.168.62.2 Low Severity problem(s) found
192.168.62.3 Medium Severity problem(s) found
192.168.62.56 Medium Severity problem(s) found
192.168.62.68 Medium Severity problem(s) found
192.168.62.75 Medium Severity problem(s) found

192.168.62.1
Scan Time
Start time : Wed Feb 1 09:49:18 2012
End time : Wed Feb 1 09:53:01 2012

Number of vulnerabilities
Open ports : 2
High : 0
Medium : 5
Low : 20

Remote host information
Operating System :
NetBIOS name :
DNS name :


Port general (0/udp) [-/+]
Traceroute Information

Synopsis:
It was possible to obtain traceroute information.

Description:
Makes a traceroute to the remote host.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
For your information, here is the traceroute from 192.168.62.68 to 192.168.62.1 :
192.168.62.68
192.168.62.1

Plugin ID:
10287

Nessus Scan Information

Synopsis:
Information about the Nessus scan.

Description:
This script displays, for each tested host, information about the
scan itself :

– The version of the plugin set
– The type of plugin feed (HomeFeed or ProfessionalFeed)
– The version of the Nessus Engine
– The port scanner(s) used
– The port range scanned
– Whether credentialed or third-party patch management
checks are possible
– The date of the scan
– The duration of the scan
– The number of hosts scanned in parallel
– The number of checks done in parallel

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Information about this scan :

Nessus version : 4.4.1
Plugin feed version : 201202010437
Type of plugin feed : HomeFeed (Non-commercial use only)
Scanner IP : 192.168.62.68
Port scanner(s) : nessus_syn_scanner
Port range : default
Thorough tests : no
Experimental tests : no
Paranoia level : 1
Report Verbosity : 1
Safe checks : no
Optimize the test : yes
Credentialed checks : no
Patch management checks : None
CGI scanning : disabled
Web application tests : disabled
Max hosts : 80
Max checks : 5
Recv timeout : 5
Backports : None
Scan Start Date : 2012/2/1 9:49
Scan duration : 223 sec

Plugin ID:
19506

Open Port Re-check

Synopsis:
Previously open ports are now closed.

Description:
One of several ports that were previously open are now closed or
unresponsive.

There are numerous possible causes for this failure :
- The scan may have caused a service to freeze or stop running.
- An administrator may have stopped a particular service during
the scanning process.

This might be an availability problem related to the following reasons :
- A network outage has been experienced during the scan, and the remote
network cannot be reached from the Vulnerability Scanner any more.
- This Vulnerability Scanner has been blacklisted by the system
administrator or by automatic intrusion detection/prevention systems
which have detected the vulnerability assessment.
- The remote host is now down, either because a user turned it off
during the scan or because a select denial of service was effective.

In any case, the audit of the remote host might be incomplete and may
need to be done again

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
- increase checks_read_timeout and/or reduce max_checks
- disable your IPS during the Nessus scan

Plugin output:
Port 8080 was detected as being open but is now closed
Port 80 was detected as being open but is now closed

Plugin ID:
10919

OS Identification Failed

Synopsis:
It was not possible to guess the remote operating system

Description:
Using a combination of remote probes (TCP/IP, SMB, HTTP, NTP, SNMP,
etc…) it was possible to come up with a fingerprint for the remote
system, however it was not possible to reliably identify the remote
system. Please send this fingeprint to os-signatures@nessus.org.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Please send the following signature to os-signatures@nessus.org :

HTTP:!:Server: Allegro-Software-RomPager/4.10
SinFP:!:
P1:B11013:F0x12:W32768:O0204ffff04020000:M1456:
P2:B11013:F0x12:W32768:O0204ffff04020000:M1456:
P3:B11020:F0x04:W32768:O0:M0
P4:4401_7_p=8080

Plugin ID:
50350

Ethernet Card Manufacturer Detection

Synopsis:
The manufacturer can be deduced from the Ethernet OUI.

Description:
Each ethernet MAC address starts with a 24-bit ‘Organizationally
Unique Identifier’.
These OUI are registered by IEEE.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://standards.ieee.org/faqs/OUI.html

See also:
http://standards.ieee.org/regauth/oui/index.shtml

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
The following card manufacturers were identified :

00:10:a7:28:1c:a9 : UNEX TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

Plugin ID:
35716

IP Forwarding Enabled

Synopsis:
The remote host has IP forwarding enabled.

Description:
The remote host has IP forwarding enabled. An attacker may use this
flaw to use the to route packets through this host and potentially
bypass some firewalls / routers / NAC filtering.

Unless the remote host is a router, it is recommended that you disable IP
forwarding.

Risk factor:
Low

CVSS Base Score:3.2
CVSS2#AV:A/AC:H/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N

Solution:
On Linux, you can disable IP forwarding by doing :

echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

On Windows, set the key ‘IPEnableRouter’ to 0 under

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameter

On Mac OS X, you can disable IP forwarding by executing the command :

sysctl -w net.inet.ip.forwarding=0

For other systems, check with your vendor.

Plugin ID:
50686

CVE:
CVE-1999-0511

ICMP Timestamp Request Remote Date Disclosure

Synopsis:
It is possible to determine the exact time set on the remote host.

Description:
The remote host answers to an ICMP timestamp request. This allows an
attacker to know the date that is set on the targeted machine.

This may help an attacker to defeat all time-based authentication
protocols.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
Filter out the ICMP timestamp requests (13), and the outgoing ICMP
timestamp replies (14).

Plugin output:
The difference between the local and remote clocks is 53480 seconds.

Plugin ID:
10114

CVE:
CVE-1999-0524

Other references:
OSVDB:94, CWE:200


Port ssdp (1900/udp) [-/+]
Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Protocol Detection

Synopsis:
The remote device supports UPnP.

Description:
The remote device answered to an SSDP M-SEARCH request. This means that
it supports ‘Universal Plug and Play’ aka UPnP. This protocol provides
automatic configuration and device discovery. It is primiraly intended
for home networks.

Keep in mind that it could help an intruder discover your network
architecture and speed an attack up.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Plug_and_Play

See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_Service_Discovery_Protocol

See also:
http://quimby.gnus.org/internet-drafts/draft-cai-ssdp-v1-03.txt

Solution:
Filter access to this port if desired.

Plugin output:
The device answered :

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Ext:
Date: Tue, 10 Sep 2002 02:43:42 GMT
ST: upnp:rootdevice
USN: uuid:5825F8BA-75D2-a1a2-BAA2-0FEA7BC5D05D::upnp:rootdevice
Location: http://192.168.62.1:80/DeviceDescription.xml
Cache-Control: max-age=300
Server: NT/5.1 UPnP/1.0
Content-Length: 0

Plugin ID:
35711


Port dns (53/udp) [-/+]
DNS Server Cache Snooping Remote Information Disclosure

Synopsis:
The remote DNS server is vulnerable to cache snooping attacks.

Description:
The remote DNS server responds to queries for third-party domains
that do not have the recursion bit set.

This may allow a remote attacker to determine which domains have
recently been resolved via this name server, and therefore which hosts
have been recently visited.

For instance, if an attacker was interested in whether your company
utilizes the online services of a particular financial institution,
they would be able to use this attack to build a statistical model
regarding company usage of that financial institution. Of course, the
attack can also be used to find B2B partners, web-surfing patterns,
external mail servers, and more.

Note: If this is an internal DNS server not accessable to outside
networks, attacks would be limited to the internal network. This
may include employees, consultants and potentially users on
a guest network or WiFi connection if supported.

Risk factor:
Medium

CVSS Base Score:5.0
CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N

See also:
http://www.rootsecure.net/content/downloads/pdf/dns_cache_snooping.pdf

Solution:
Contact the vendor of the DNS software for a fix.

Plugin output:
Nessus sent a non-recursive query for example.com
and received 1 answer :

192.0.43.10

Plugin ID:
12217

DNS Server DNSSEC Aware Resolver

Synopsis:
The remote DNS resolver is DNSSEC-aware.

Description:
The remote DNS resolver accepts DNSSEC options. This means that it
may verify the authenticity of DNSSEC protected zones if it is
configured to trust their keys.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin ID:
35373

DNS Server Detection

Synopsis:
A DNS server is listening on the remote host.

Description:
The remote service is a Domain Name System (DNS) server, which
provides a mapping between hostnames and IP addresses.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System

Solution:
Disable this service if it is not needed or restrict access to
internal hosts only if the service is available externally.

Plugin ID:
11002


Port bootps? (67/udp) [-/+]
DHCP Server Detection

Synopsis:
The remote DHCP server may expose information about the associated
network.

Description:
This script contacts the remote DHCP server (if any) and attempts to
retrieve information about the network layout.

Some DHCP servers provide sensitive information such as the NIS domain
name, or network layout information such as the list of the network
web servers, and so on.

It does not demonstrate any vulnerability, but a local attacker may
use DHCP to become intimately familiar with the associated network.

Risk factor:
Low

CVSS Base Score:3.3
CVSS2#AV:A/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N

Solution:
Apply filtering to keep this information off the network and remove
any options that are not in use.

Plugin output:
Nessus gathered the following information from the remote DHCP server :

Master DHCP server of this network : 0.0.0.0
IP address the DHCP server would attribute us : 192.168.62.68
Netmask : 255.255.255.0
Router : 192.168.62.1
Domain name server(s) : 192.168.62.1 , 0.0.0.0
Domain name :

Plugin ID:
10663


Port tftp (69/udp) [-/+]
TFTP Daemon Detection

Synopsis:
A TFTP server is listening on the remote port.

Description:
The remote host is running a TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)
daemon. TFTP is often used by routers and diskless hosts to retrieve
their configuration. It is also used by worms to propagate.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
Disable this service if you do not use it.

Plugin ID:
11819


Port www (80/tcp) [-/+]
UPnP Internet Gateway Device (IGD) Port Mapping Manipulation

Synopsis:
It was possible to add port redirections to the remote router.

Description:
According to UPnP data, the remote device is a NAT router which supports
the Internet Gateway Device (IGD) Standardized Device Control Protocol.

Nessus was able to add ‘port mappings’ that redirect ports from the
device external interface to the scanner address.

A malicious Flash animation could do the same.

Risk factor:
Medium

CVSS Base Score:4.8
CVSS2#AV:A/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:P

See also:
http://www.gnucitizen.org/blog/flash-upnp-attack-faq/

See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Gateway_Device_Protocol

Solution:
Disable IGD or restrict access to trusted networks.

Plugin ID:
35707

Web Server Generic XSS

Synopsis:
The remote web server is prone to cross-site scripting attacks.

Description:
The remote host is running a web server that fails to adequately
sanitize request strings of malicious JavaScript. By leveraging this
issue, an attacker may be able to cause arbitrary HTML and script code
to be executed in a user’s browser within the security context of the
affected site.

Risk factor:
Medium

CVSS Base Score:4.3
CVSS2#AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N

See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_scripting

Solution:
Contact the vendor for a patch or upgrade.

Plugin output:
The request string used to detect this flaw was :

/<script>cross_site_scripting.nasl</script>.asp

The output was :

HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Content-Type: text/html
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Server: Allegro-Software-RomPager/4.10
Connection: close

<body>
<h1>Object Not Found</h1>
The requested URL ‘/<script>cross_site_scripting.nasl</script>.asp’ was
not found on the server.<p>
Return to <A HREF= »">last page</A><p>

Plugin ID:
10815

CVE:
CVE-2002-1700, CVE-2003-1543, CVE-2005-2453, CVE-2006-1681

BID:
5011, 5305, 7344, 7353, 8037, 14473, 17408

Other references:
OSVDB:18525, OSVDB:24469, OSVDB:42314, OSVDB:4989, OSVDB:58976, CWE:79, CWE:80, CWE:81, CWE:83, CWE:20, CWE:74, CWE:442, CWE:712, CWE:722, CWE:725, CWE:811, CWE:751, CWE:801, CWE:116

UPnP Internet Gateway Device (IGD) Protocol Detection

Synopsis:
The remote device supports the IGD protocol.

Description:
According to UPnP data, the remote device is a NAT router which supports
the Internet Gateway Device (IGD) Standardized Device Control Protocol.

IGD is dangerous as it allows a remote attacker to punch holes in your
firewall, for example through a malicious Flash animation.

Risk factor:
Medium

CVSS Base Score:4.8
CVSS2#AV:A/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:P

See also:
http://www.gnucitizen.org/blog/flash-upnp-attack-faq/

See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Gateway_Device_Protocol

Solution:
Filter incoming traffic to this port or disable this service

Plugin ID:
35709

UPnP Internet Gateway Device (IGD) External IP Address Reachable

Synopsis:
It was possible to read the external IP addres of the remote router.

Description:
According to UPnP data, the remote device is a NAT router that supports
the Internet Gateway Device (IGD) Standardized Device Control Protocol.

Nessus was able to get the external IP address of the device.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Gateway_Device_Protocol

Solution:
Disable IGD or restrict access to trusted networks.

Plugin output:
The external IP address of this device is : 74.56.145.148

Plugin ID:
35708

Web Server UPnP Detection

Synopsis:
The remote web server provides UPnP information.

Description:
It was possible to extract some information about the UPnP-enabled
device by querying this web server.
Services may also be reachable through SOAP requests.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Plug_and_Play

Solution:
Filter incoming traffic to this port if desired.

Plugin output:
Here is a summary of http://192.168.62.1:80/DeviceDescription.xml :

deviceType:urn:schemas-upnp-org:device:InternetGatewayDevice:1
friendlyName:UNEX (DSL)
manufacturer:Unex Technology Corporation.
modelDescription:Internet Gateway Device for DSL
modelName:UNEX
serialNumber:00000222

Plugin ID:
35712

HTTP Server Type and Version

Synopsis:
A web server is running on the remote host.

Description:
This plugin attempts to determine the type and the version of the
remote web server.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
The remote web server type is :

Allegro-Software-RomPager/4.10

Plugin ID:
10107

HTTP Methods Allowed (per directory)

Synopsis:
This plugin determines which HTTP methods are allowed on various CGI
directories.

Description:
By calling the OPTIONS method, it is possible to determine which HTTP
methods are allowed on each directory.

As this list may be incomplete, the plugin also tests – if ‘Thorough
tests’ are enabled or ‘Enable web applications tests’ is set to ‘yes’
in the scan policy – various known HTTP methods on each directory and
considers them as unsupported if it receives a response code of 400,
403, 405, or 501.

Note that the plugin output is only informational and does not
necessarily indicate the presence of any security vulnerabilities.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Based on the response to an OPTIONS request :

– HTTP methods HEAD POST GET are allowed on :

/

Plugin ID:
43111

Service Detection

Synopsis:
The remote service could be identified.

Description:
It was possible to identify the remote service by its banner or by looking
at the error message it sends when it receives an HTTP request.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
A web server is running on this port.

Plugin ID:
22964


Port www (8080/tcp) [-/+]
Web Server Generic XSS

Synopsis:
The remote web server is prone to cross-site scripting attacks.

Description:
The remote host is running a web server that fails to adequately
sanitize request strings of malicious JavaScript. By leveraging this
issue, an attacker may be able to cause arbitrary HTML and script code
to be executed in a user’s browser within the security context of the
affected site.

Risk factor:
Medium

CVSS Base Score:4.3
CVSS2#AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N

See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_scripting

Solution:
Contact the vendor for a patch or upgrade.

Plugin output:
The request string used to detect this flaw was :

/<script>cross_site_scripting.nasl</script>.asp

The output was :

HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Content-Type: text/html
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Server: Allegro-Software-RomPager/4.10
Connection: close

<body>
<h1>Object Not Found</h1>
The requested URL ‘/<script>cross_site_scripting.nasl</script>.asp’ was
not found on the server.<p>
Return to <A HREF= »">last page</A><p>

Plugin ID:
10815

CVE:
CVE-2002-1700, CVE-2003-1543, CVE-2005-2453, CVE-2006-1681

BID:
5011, 5305, 7344, 7353, 8037, 14473, 17408

Other references:
OSVDB:18525, OSVDB:24469, OSVDB:42314, OSVDB:4989, OSVDB:58976, CWE:79, CWE:80, CWE:81, CWE:83, CWE:20, CWE:74, CWE:442, CWE:712, CWE:722, CWE:725, CWE:811, CWE:751, CWE:801, CWE:116

HTTP Server Type and Version

Synopsis:
A web server is running on the remote host.

Description:
This plugin attempts to determine the type and the version of the
remote web server.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
The remote web server type is :

Allegro-Software-RomPager/4.10

Plugin ID:
10107

HTTP Methods Allowed (per directory)

Synopsis:
This plugin determines which HTTP methods are allowed on various CGI
directories.

Description:
By calling the OPTIONS method, it is possible to determine which HTTP
methods are allowed on each directory.

As this list may be incomplete, the plugin also tests – if ‘Thorough
tests’ are enabled or ‘Enable web applications tests’ is set to ‘yes’
in the scan policy – various known HTTP methods on each directory and
considers them as unsupported if it receives a response code of 400,
403, 405, or 501.

Note that the plugin output is only informational and does not
necessarily indicate the presence of any security vulnerabilities.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Based on the response to an OPTIONS request :

– HTTP methods HEAD POST GET are allowed on :

/

Plugin ID:
43111

Service Detection

Synopsis:
The remote service could be identified.

Description:
It was possible to identify the remote service by its banner or by looking
at the error message it sends when it receives an HTTP request.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
A web server is running on this port.

Plugin ID:
22964

192.168.62.2
Scan Time
Start time : Wed Feb 1 09:49:18 2012
End time : Wed Feb 1 09:53:34 2012

Number of vulnerabilities
Open ports : 3
High : 0
Medium : 0
Low : 20

Remote host information
Operating System : Linux Kernel 2.4
Linux Kernel 2.6
NetBIOS name :
DNS name :


Port general (0/udp) [-/+]
Traceroute Information

Synopsis:
It was possible to obtain traceroute information.

Description:
Makes a traceroute to the remote host.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
For your information, here is the traceroute from 192.168.62.68 to 192.168.62.2 :
192.168.62.68
192.168.62.2

Plugin ID:
10287

Nessus Scan Information

Synopsis:
Information about the Nessus scan.

Description:
This script displays, for each tested host, information about the
scan itself :

– The version of the plugin set
– The type of plugin feed (HomeFeed or ProfessionalFeed)
– The version of the Nessus Engine
– The port scanner(s) used
– The port range scanned
– Whether credentialed or third-party patch management
checks are possible
– The date of the scan
– The duration of the scan
– The number of hosts scanned in parallel
– The number of checks done in parallel

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Information about this scan :

Nessus version : 4.4.1
Plugin feed version : 201202010437
Type of plugin feed : HomeFeed (Non-commercial use only)
Scanner IP : 192.168.62.68
Port scanner(s) : nessus_syn_scanner
Port range : default
Thorough tests : no
Experimental tests : no
Paranoia level : 1
Report Verbosity : 1
Safe checks : no
Optimize the test : yes
Credentialed checks : no
Patch management checks : None
CGI scanning : disabled
Web application tests : disabled
Max hosts : 80
Max checks : 5
Recv timeout : 5
Backports : None
Scan Start Date : 2012/2/1 9:49
Scan duration : 256 sec

Plugin ID:
19506

Wireless Access Point Detection

Synopsis:
The remote host is a wireless access point.

Description:
Nessus has determined that the remote host is a wireless access point
(AP).

Ensure that proper physical and logical controls are in place for its
use. A misconfigured access point may allow an attacker to gain
access to an internal network without being physically present on the
premises. If the access point is using an ‘off-the-shelf’
configuration (such as 40 or 104 bit WEP encryption), the data being
passed through the access point may be vulnerable to hijacking or
sniffing.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Nessus has determined that this device is an access point based on
its telnet banner, which is :

DD-WRT v

Plugin ID:
11026

Common Platform Enumeration (CPE)

Synopsis:
It is possible to enumerate CPE names that matched on the remote
system.

Description:
By using information obtained from a Nessus scan, this plugin reports
CPE (Common Platform Enumeration) matches for various hardware and
software products found on a host.

Note that if an official CPE is not available for the product, this
plugin computes the best possible CPE based on the information
available from the scan.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://cpe.mitre.org/

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
The remote operating system matched the following CPE’s :

cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:2.4
cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:2.6

Plugin ID:
45590

Device Type

Synopsis:
It is possible to guess the remote device type.

Description:
Based on the remote operating system, it is possible to determine
what the remote system type is (eg: a printer, router, general-purpose
computer, etc).

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Remote device type : general-purpose
Confidence level : 54

Plugin ID:
54615

OS Identification

Synopsis:
It is possible to guess the remote operating system.

Description:
Using a combination of remote probes, (TCP/IP, SMB, HTTP, NTP, SNMP, etc…)
it is possible to guess the name of the remote operating system in use, and
sometimes its version.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
N/A

Plugin output:
Remote operating system : Linux Kernel 2.4
Linux Kernel 2.6
Confidence Level : 54
Method : SinFP

The remote host is running one of these operating systems :
Linux Kernel 2.4
Linux Kernel 2.6

Plugin ID:
11936

Ethernet Card Manufacturer Detection

Synopsis:
The manufacturer can be deduced from the Ethernet OUI.

Description:
Each ethernet MAC address starts with a 24-bit ‘Organizationally
Unique Identifier’.
These OUI are registered by IEEE.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://standards.ieee.org/faqs/OUI.html

See also:
http://standards.ieee.org/regauth/oui/index.shtml

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
The following card manufacturers were identified :

b0:48:7a:da:75:44 : TP-LINK TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Plugin ID:
35716

IP Forwarding Enabled

Synopsis:
The remote host has IP forwarding enabled.

Description:
The remote host has IP forwarding enabled. An attacker may use this
flaw to use the to route packets through this host and potentially
bypass some firewalls / routers / NAC filtering.

Unless the remote host is a router, it is recommended that you disable IP
forwarding.

Risk factor:
Low

CVSS Base Score:3.2
CVSS2#AV:A/AC:H/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N

Solution:
On Linux, you can disable IP forwarding by doing :

echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

On Windows, set the key ‘IPEnableRouter’ to 0 under

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameter

On Mac OS X, you can disable IP forwarding by executing the command :

sysctl -w net.inet.ip.forwarding=0

For other systems, check with your vendor.

Plugin ID:
50686

CVE:
CVE-1999-0511

TCP/IP Timestamps Supported

Synopsis:
The remote service implements TCP timestamps.

Description:
The remote host implements TCP timestamps, as defined by RFC1323. A
side effect of this feature is that the uptime of the remote host can
sometimes be computed.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1323.txt

Solution:
n/a

Plugin ID:
25220

ICMP Timestamp Request Remote Date Disclosure

Synopsis:
It is possible to determine the exact time set on the remote host.

Description:
The remote host answers to an ICMP timestamp request. This allows an
attacker to know the date that is set on the targeted machine.

This may help an attacker to defeat all time-based authentication
protocols.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
Filter out the ICMP timestamp requests (13), and the outgoing ICMP
timestamp replies (14).

Plugin output:
The difference between the local and remote clocks is 18066 seconds.

Plugin ID:
10114

CVE:
CVE-1999-0524

Other references:
OSVDB:94, CWE:200

Multiple Ethernet Driver Frame Padding Information Disclosure (Etherleak)

Synopsis:
The remote host appears to leak memory in network packets.

Description:
The remote host uses a network device driver that pads ethernet
frames with data which vary from one packet to another, likely taken
from kernel memory, system memory allocated to the device driver, or a
hardware buffer on its network interface card.

Known as ‘Etherleak’, this information disclosure vulnerability may
allow an attacker to collect sensitive information from the affected
host provided he is on the same physical subnet as that host.

Risk factor:
Low

CVSS Base Score:3.3
CVSS2#AV:A/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N

See also:
http://www.nessus.org/u?719c90b4

Solution:
Contact the network device driver’s vendor for a fix.

Plugin output:
Padding observed in one frame :

0×00: 00 81 43 02 74 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ..C.t………..
0×10: 00 00 00 …

Padding observed in another frame :

0×00: 00 00 43 0A F4 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ..C………….
0×10: 00 00 00 …

Plugin ID:
11197

CVE:
CVE-2003-0001

BID:
6535

Other references:
OSVDB:3873


Port telnet (23/tcp) [-/+]
Unencrypted Telnet Server

Synopsis:
The remote Telnet server transmits traffic in cleartext.

Description:
The remote host is running a Telnet server over an unencrypted
channel.

Using Telnet over an unencrypted channel is not recommended as logins,
passwords and commands are transferred in cleartext. An attacker may
eavesdrop on a Telnet session and obtain credentials or other
sensitive information.

Use of SSH is prefered nowadays as it protects credentials from
eavesdropping and can tunnel additional data streams such as the X11
session.

Risk factor:
Low

CVSS Base Score:2.6
CVSS2#AV:N/AC:H/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N

Solution:
Disable this service and use SSH instead.

Plugin output:
Nessus collected the following banner from the remote Telnet server :

—————————— snip ——————————

DD-WRT v24-sp2 std (c) 2010 NewMedia-NET GmbH
Release: 11/21/10 (SVN revision: 15778)
garage login:
—————————— snip ——————————

Plugin ID:
42263

Telnet Server Detection

Synopsis:
A Telnet server is listening on the remote port.

Description:
The remote host is running a Telnet server, a remote terminal server.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
Disable this service if you do not use it.

Plugin output:
Here is the banner from the remote Telnet server :

—————————— snip ——————————

DD-WRT v24-sp2 std (c) 2010 NewMedia-NET GmbH
Release: 11/21/10 (SVN revision: 15778)
garage login:
—————————— snip ——————————

Plugin ID:
10281

Service Detection

Synopsis:
The remote service could be identified.

Description:
It was possible to identify the remote service by its banner or by looking
at the error message it sends when it receives an HTTP request.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
A telnet server is running on this port.

Plugin ID:
22964


Port domain? (53/tcp) [-/+]
Service Detection

Synopsis:
The remote service could be identified.

Description:
It was possible to identify the remote service by its banner or by looking
at the error message it sends when it receives an HTTP request.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
The service closed the connection without sending any data.
It might be protected by some sort of TCP wrapper.

Plugin ID:
22964


Port www (80/tcp) [-/+]
DD-WRT Info.live.htm Information Disclosure

Synopsis:
The remote web server is affected by an information disclosure
vulnerability.

Description:
The version of DD-WRT installed on the remote device allows an
unauthenticated, remote attacker to retrieve sensitive information
about the router itself and any attached hosts, such as geolocation
information, IP addresses, MAC addresses and host names, even if
remote administration is disabled.

Risk factor:
Low

CVSS Base Score:3.3
CVSS2#AV:A/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N

See also:
http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/fulldisclosure/2010-12/0652.html

See also:
http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=84931

Solution:
Unknown at this time.

Plugin output:
Nessus was able to verify the issue using the following URL :

http://192.168.62.2/Info.live.htm

Plugin ID:
51394

BID:
45598

Other references:
OSVDB:70230

HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Information

Synopsis:
Some information about the remote HTTP configuration can be extracted.

Description:
This test gives some information about the remote HTTP protocol – the
version used, whether HTTP Keep-Alive and HTTP pipelining are enabled,
etc…

This test is informational only and does not denote any security
problem.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Protocol version : HTTP/1.0
SSL : no
Keep-Alive : no
Headers :

Content-Type: text/html
Server: httpd
Date: Wed, 01 Feb 2012 09:51:08 GMT
Connection: close
Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate
Cache-Control: post-check=0, pre-check=0
Pragma: no-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache
Pragma: no-cache
Expires: 0

Plugin ID:
24260

HTTP Server Type and Version

Synopsis:
A web server is running on the remote host.

Description:
This plugin attempts to determine the type and the version of the
remote web server.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
The remote web server type is :

httpd

Plugin ID:
10107

Web Server No 404 Error Code Check

Synopsis:
The remote web server does not return 404 error codes.

Description:
The remote web server is configured such that it does not return ’404
Not Found’ error codes when a nonexistent file is requested, perhaps
returning instead a site map, search page or authentication page.

Nessus has enabled some counter measures for this. However, they
might be insufficient. If a great number of security holes are
produced for this port, they might not all be accurate.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Unfortunately, Nessus has been unable to find a way to recognize this
page so some CGI-related checks have been disabled.

Plugin ID:
10386

Service Detection

Synopsis:
The remote service could be identified.

Description:
It was possible to identify the remote service by its banner or by looking
at the error message it sends when it receives an HTTP request.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
A web server is running on this port.

Plugin ID:
22964

192.168.62.3
Scan Time
Start time : Wed Feb 1 09:49:19 2012
End time : Wed Feb 1 09:52:10 2012

Number of vulnerabilities
Open ports : 3
High : 0
Medium : 3
Low : 19

Remote host information
Operating System : Linux Kernel 2.6
NetBIOS name :
DNS name :


Port general (0/udp) [-/+]
Traceroute Information

Synopsis:
It was possible to obtain traceroute information.

Description:
Makes a traceroute to the remote host.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
For your information, here is the traceroute from 192.168.62.68 to 192.168.62.3 :
192.168.62.68
192.168.62.3

Plugin ID:
10287

Nessus Scan Information

Synopsis:
Information about the Nessus scan.

Description:
This script displays, for each tested host, information about the
scan itself :

– The version of the plugin set
– The type of plugin feed (HomeFeed or ProfessionalFeed)
– The version of the Nessus Engine
– The port scanner(s) used
– The port range scanned
– Whether credentialed or third-party patch management
checks are possible
– The date of the scan
– The duration of the scan
– The number of hosts scanned in parallel
– The number of checks done in parallel

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Information about this scan :

Nessus version : 4.4.1
Plugin feed version : 201202010437
Type of plugin feed : HomeFeed (Non-commercial use only)
Scanner IP : 192.168.62.68
Port scanner(s) : nessus_syn_scanner
Port range : default
Thorough tests : no
Experimental tests : no
Paranoia level : 1
Report Verbosity : 1
Safe checks : no
Optimize the test : yes
Credentialed checks : no
Patch management checks : None
CGI scanning : disabled
Web application tests : disabled
Max hosts : 80
Max checks : 5
Recv timeout : 5
Backports : None
Scan Start Date : 2012/2/1 9:49
Scan duration : 171 sec

Plugin ID:
19506

Common Platform Enumeration (CPE)

Synopsis:
It is possible to enumerate CPE names that matched on the remote
system.

Description:
By using information obtained from a Nessus scan, this plugin reports
CPE (Common Platform Enumeration) matches for various hardware and
software products found on a host.

Note that if an official CPE is not available for the product, this
plugin computes the best possible CPE based on the information
available from the scan.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://cpe.mitre.org/

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
The remote operating system matched the following CPE :

cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:2.6

Following application CPE matched on the remote system :

cpe:/a:isc:bind:dnsmasq:2

Plugin ID:
45590

Device Type

Synopsis:
It is possible to guess the remote device type.

Description:
Based on the remote operating system, it is possible to determine
what the remote system type is (eg: a printer, router, general-purpose
computer, etc).

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Remote device type : general-purpose
Confidence level : 65

Plugin ID:
54615

OS Identification

Synopsis:
It is possible to guess the remote operating system.

Description:
Using a combination of remote probes, (TCP/IP, SMB, HTTP, NTP, SNMP, etc…)
it is possible to guess the name of the remote operating system in use, and
sometimes its version.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
N/A

Plugin output:
Remote operating system : Linux Kernel 2.6
Confidence Level : 65
Method : SinFP

Not all fingerprints could give a match – please email the following to os-signatures@nessus.org :
HTTP:!:Server: httpd
SinFP:
P1:B10113:F0x12:W5840:O0204ffff:M1460:
P2:B10113:F0x12:W5792:O0204ffff0402080affffffff4445414401030301:M1460:
P3:B11120:F0x04:W0:O0:M0
P4:4401_7_p=20005
HNAP:!:vendor=TRENDnet; model= »Fondation »

The remote host is running Linux Kernel 2.6

Plugin ID:
11936

Ethernet Card Manufacturer Detection

Synopsis:
The manufacturer can be deduced from the Ethernet OUI.

Description:
Each ethernet MAC address starts with a 24-bit ‘Organizationally
Unique Identifier’.
These OUI are registered by IEEE.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://standards.ieee.org/faqs/OUI.html

See also:
http://standards.ieee.org/regauth/oui/index.shtml

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
The following card manufacturers were identified :

00:14:d1:4e:6a:c1 : TRENDnet

Plugin ID:
35716

TCP/IP Timestamps Supported

Synopsis:
The remote service implements TCP timestamps.

Description:
The remote host implements TCP timestamps, as defined by RFC1323. A
side effect of this feature is that the uptime of the remote host can
sometimes be computed.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1323.txt

Solution:
n/a

Plugin ID:
25220

ICMP Timestamp Request Remote Date Disclosure

Synopsis:
It is possible to determine the exact time set on the remote host.

Description:
The remote host answers to an ICMP timestamp request. This allows an
attacker to know the date that is set on the targeted machine.

This may help an attacker to defeat all time-based authentication
protocols.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
Filter out the ICMP timestamp requests (13), and the outgoing ICMP
timestamp replies (14).

Plugin output:
The difference between the local and remote clocks is -13019 seconds.

Plugin ID:
10114

CVE:
CVE-1999-0524

Other references:
OSVDB:94, CWE:200


Port ssdp (1900/udp) [-/+]
Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Protocol Detection

Synopsis:
The remote device supports UPnP.

Description:
The remote device answered to an SSDP M-SEARCH request. This means that
it supports ‘Universal Plug and Play’ aka UPnP. This protocol provides
automatic configuration and device discovery. It is primiraly intended
for home networks.

Keep in mind that it could help an intruder discover your network
architecture and speed an attack up.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Plug_and_Play

See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_Service_Discovery_Protocol

See also:
http://quimby.gnus.org/internet-drafts/draft-cai-ssdp-v1-03.txt

Solution:
Filter access to this port if desired.

Plugin output:
The device answered :

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Cache-Control: max-age=120
EXT:
Location: http://192.168.62.3:65535/rootDesc.xml
Server: Linux/2.4.22-1.2115.nptl UPnP/1.0 miniupnpd/1.0
ST: upnp:rootdevice
USN: uuid:11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111::upnp:rootdevice

Plugin ID:
35711


Port btx? (20005/tcp) [-/+]


Port dns (53/tcp) [-/+]
DNS Server BIND version Directive Remote Version Disclosure

Synopsis:
It is possible to obtain the version number of the remote DNS server.

Description:
The remote host is running BIND or another DNS server that reports its
version number when it receives a special request, for the text
‘version.bind’ in the domain ‘chaos’.

This version is not necessarily accurate and could even be forged, as
some DNS servers send the information based on a configuration file.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
It is possible to hide the version number of bind by using the
‘version’ directive in the ‘options’ section in named.conf

Plugin output:
The version of the remote DNS server is :

dnsmasq-2.41

Plugin ID:
10028

Other references:
OSVDB:23

DNS Server Detection

Synopsis:
A DNS server is listening on the remote host.

Description:
The remote service is a Domain Name System (DNS) server, which
provides a mapping between hostnames and IP addresses.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System

Solution:
Disable this service if it is not needed or restrict access to
internal hosts only if the service is available externally.

Plugin ID:
11002

DNS Server Detection

Synopsis:
A DNS server is listening on the remote host.

Description:
The remote service is a Domain Name System (DNS) server, which
provides a mapping between hostnames and IP addresses.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System

Solution:
Disable this service if it is not needed or restrict access to
internal hosts only if the service is available externally.

Plugin ID:
11002


Port unknown (65535/tcp) [-/+]
UPnP Internet Gateway Device (IGD) Port Mapping Manipulation

Synopsis:
It was possible to add port redirections to the remote router.

Description:
According to UPnP data, the remote device is a NAT router which supports
the Internet Gateway Device (IGD) Standardized Device Control Protocol.

Nessus was able to add ‘port mappings’ that redirect ports from the
device external interface to the scanner address.

A malicious Flash animation could do the same.

Risk factor:
Medium

CVSS Base Score:4.8
CVSS2#AV:A/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:P

See also:
http://www.gnucitizen.org/blog/flash-upnp-attack-faq/

See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Gateway_Device_Protocol

Solution:
Disable IGD or restrict access to trusted networks.

Plugin ID:
35707

UPnP Internet Gateway Device (IGD) Protocol Detection

Synopsis:
The remote device supports the IGD protocol.

Description:
According to UPnP data, the remote device is a NAT router which supports
the Internet Gateway Device (IGD) Standardized Device Control Protocol.

IGD is dangerous as it allows a remote attacker to punch holes in your
firewall, for example through a malicious Flash animation.

Risk factor:
Medium

CVSS Base Score:4.8
CVSS2#AV:A/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:P

See also:
http://www.gnucitizen.org/blog/flash-upnp-attack-faq/

See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Gateway_Device_Protocol

Solution:
Filter incoming traffic to this port or disable this service

Plugin ID:
35709

UPnP Internet Gateway Device (IGD) External IP Address Reachable

Synopsis:
It was possible to read the external IP addres of the remote router.

Description:
According to UPnP data, the remote device is a NAT router that supports
the Internet Gateway Device (IGD) Standardized Device Control Protocol.

Nessus was able to get the external IP address of the device.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Gateway_Device_Protocol

Solution:
Disable IGD or restrict access to trusted networks.

Plugin output:
The external IP address of this device is : 0.0.0.0

Plugin ID:
35708

Web Server UPnP Detection

Synopsis:
The remote web server provides UPnP information.

Description:
It was possible to extract some information about the UPnP-enabled
device by querying this web server.
Services may also be reachable through SOAP requests.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Plug_and_Play

Solution:
Filter incoming traffic to this port if desired.

Plugin output:
Browse http://192.168.62.3:65535/rootDesc.xml for more information

Plugin ID:
35712


Port tftp (69/udp) [-/+]
TFTP Traversal Arbitrary File Access

Synopsis:
The remote TFTP server can be used to read arbitrary files on the
remote host.

Description:
The TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) server running on the remote
host is vulnerable to a directory traversal attack that allows an
attacker to read arbitrary files on the remote host by prepending
their names with directory traversal sequences.

Risk factor:
Medium

CVSS Base Score:5.0
CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N

Solution:
Disable the remote TFTP daemon, run it in a chrooted environment, or
filter incoming traffic to this port.

Plugin output:
It was possible to retrieve the contents of the file
/etc/passwd from the remote host :

root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/sh
Admin:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/sh
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/bin/sh
daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/usr/sbin:/bin/sh
adm:x:3:4:adm:/adm:/bin/sh
lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/bin/sh
sync:x:5:0:sync:/bin:/bin/sync
shutdown:x:6:11:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
uucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/bin/sh
operator:x:11:0:Operator:/var:/bin/sh
nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/home:/bin/sh
ap71:x:500:0:Linux User,,,:/root:/bin/sh

Plugin ID:
18262

CVE:
CVE-1999-0183, CVE-1999-0498, CVE-2002-2353, CVE-2009-0271, CVE-2009-0288, CVE-2009-1161

BID:
6198, 11582, 11584, 33287, 33344, 42907, 48272, 50441

Other references:
OSVDB:8069, OSVDB:11221, OSVDB:11297, OSVDB:11349, OSVDB:51404, OSVDB:51487, OSVDB:57701, OSVDB:76743, EDB-ID:14857, EDB-ID:17507, CWE:22

TFTP Daemon Detection

Synopsis:
A TFTP server is listening on the remote port.

Description:
The remote host is running a TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)
daemon. TFTP is often used by routers and diskless hosts to retrieve
their configuration. It is also used by worms to propagate.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
Disable this service if you do not use it.

Plugin ID:
11819


Port www (80/tcp) [-/+]
HNAP Detection

Synopsis:
The remote device has HNAP enabled.

Description:
The remote service supports the Home Network Administration Protocol
(HNAP), a SOAP-based protocol that provides a common interface for
administrative control of networked devices.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://www.hnap.org/

See also:
http://www.nessus.org/u?1b0ee657

Solution:
Limit incoming traffic to this port if desired.

Plugin ID:
44318

HTTP Server Type and Version

Synopsis:
A web server is running on the remote host.

Description:
This plugin attempts to determine the type and the version of the
remote web server.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
The remote web server type is :

httpd

Plugin ID:
10107

Web Server No 404 Error Code Check

Synopsis:
The remote web server does not return 404 error codes.

Description:
The remote web server is configured such that it does not return ’404
Not Found’ error codes when a nonexistent file is requested, perhaps
returning instead a site map, search page or authentication page.

Nessus has enabled some counter measures for this. However, they
might be insufficient. If a great number of security holes are
produced for this port, they might not all be accurate.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
The following string will be used :
TYPE= »password »

Plugin ID:
10386

Service Detection

Synopsis:
The remote service could be identified.

Description:
It was possible to identify the remote service by its banner or by looking
at the error message it sends when it receives an HTTP request.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
A web server is running on this port.

Plugin ID:
22964

192.168.62.56
Scan Time
Start time : Wed Feb 1 09:49:39 2012
End time : Wed Feb 1 09:53:46 2012

Number of vulnerabilities
Open ports : 1
High : 0
Medium : 1
Low : 12

Remote host information
Operating System : Mac OS X 10.7
NetBIOS name : MACBOOKPRO-4348
DNS name :


Port general (0/udp) [-/+]
Traceroute Information

Synopsis:
It was possible to obtain traceroute information.

Description:
Makes a traceroute to the remote host.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
For your information, here is the traceroute from 192.168.62.68 to 192.168.62.56 :
192.168.62.68
192.168.62.56

Plugin ID:
10287

Nessus Scan Information

Synopsis:
Information about the Nessus scan.

Description:
This script displays, for each tested host, information about the
scan itself :

– The version of the plugin set
– The type of plugin feed (HomeFeed or ProfessionalFeed)
– The version of the Nessus Engine
– The port scanner(s) used
– The port range scanned
– Whether credentialed or third-party patch management
checks are possible
– The date of the scan
– The duration of the scan
– The number of hosts scanned in parallel
– The number of checks done in parallel

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Information about this scan :

Nessus version : 4.4.1
Plugin feed version : 201202010437
Type of plugin feed : HomeFeed (Non-commercial use only)
Scanner IP : 192.168.62.68
Port scanner(s) : nessus_syn_scanner
Port range : default
Thorough tests : no
Experimental tests : no
Paranoia level : 1
Report Verbosity : 1
Safe checks : no
Optimize the test : yes
Credentialed checks : no
Patch management checks : None
CGI scanning : disabled
Web application tests : disabled
Max hosts : 80
Max checks : 5
Recv timeout : 5
Backports : None
Scan Start Date : 2012/2/1 9:49
Scan duration : 247 sec

Plugin ID:
19506

Common Platform Enumeration (CPE)

Synopsis:
It is possible to enumerate CPE names that matched on the remote
system.

Description:
By using information obtained from a Nessus scan, this plugin reports
CPE (Common Platform Enumeration) matches for various hardware and
software products found on a host.

Note that if an official CPE is not available for the product, this
plugin computes the best possible CPE based on the information
available from the scan.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://cpe.mitre.org/

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
The remote operating system matched the following CPE :

cpe:/o:apple:mac_os_x:10.7

Plugin ID:
45590

Device Type

Synopsis:
It is possible to guess the remote device type.

Description:
Based on the remote operating system, it is possible to determine
what the remote system type is (eg: a printer, router, general-purpose
computer, etc).

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Remote device type : general-purpose
Confidence level : 69

Plugin ID:
54615

OS Identification

Synopsis:
It is possible to guess the remote operating system.

Description:
Using a combination of remote probes, (TCP/IP, SMB, HTTP, NTP, SNMP, etc…)
it is possible to guess the name of the remote operating system in use, and
sometimes its version.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
N/A

Plugin output:
Remote operating system : Mac OS X 10.7
Confidence Level : 69
Method : AFP

The remote host is running Mac OS X 10.7

Plugin ID:
11936

Ethernet Card Manufacturer Detection

Synopsis:
The manufacturer can be deduced from the Ethernet OUI.

Description:
Each ethernet MAC address starts with a 24-bit ‘Organizationally
Unique Identifier’.
These OUI are registered by IEEE.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://standards.ieee.org/faqs/OUI.html

See also:
http://standards.ieee.org/regauth/oui/index.shtml

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
The following card manufacturers were identified :

d4:9a:20:d6:43:48 : Apple, Inc

Plugin ID:
35716

TCP/IP Timestamps Supported

Synopsis:
The remote service implements TCP timestamps.

Description:
The remote host implements TCP timestamps, as defined by RFC1323. A
side effect of this feature is that the uptime of the remote host can
sometimes be computed.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1323.txt

Solution:
n/a

Plugin ID:
25220


Port ntp (123/udp) [-/+]
Network Time Protocol (NTP) Server Detection

Synopsis:
An NTP server is listening on the remote host.

Description:
An NTP (Network Time Protocol) server is listening on this port. It
provides information about the current date and time of the remote
system and may provide system information.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin ID:
10884


Port netbios-ns (137/udp) [-/+]
Windows NetBIOS / SMB Remote Host Information Disclosure

Synopsis:
It is possible to obtain the network name of the remote host.

Description:
The remote host listens on UDP port 137 or TCP port 445 and replies
to NetBIOS nbtscan or SMB requests.

Note that this plugin gathers information to be used in other plugins
but does not itself generate a report.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
The following 1 NetBIOS names have been gathered :

MACBOOKPRO-4348 = Computer name

The remote host has the following MAC address on its adapter :
d4:9a:20:d6:43:48

Plugin ID:
10150


Port unknown (17500/tcp) [-/+]
Dropbox Software Detection (uncredentialed check)

Synopsis:
There is a file synchronization application on the remote host.

Description:
Dropbox is installed on the remote host. Dropbox is an application
for storing and synchronizing files between computers, possibly
outside the organization.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
https://www.dropbox.com/

Solution:
Ensure that use of this software agrees with your organization’s
acceptable use and security policies.

Plugin output:
The remote DropBox server broadcasts the following data :
{« host_int »: 141726051, « version »: [1, 8], « displayname »: « 141726051″, « port »: 17500, « namespaces »: [33423739, 86560094]}

Plugin ID:
56693


Port mdns (5353/udp) [-/+]
mDNS Detection

Synopsis:
It is possible to obtain information about the remote host.

Description:
The remote service understands the Bonjour (also known as ZeroConf or
mDNS) protocol, which allows anyone to uncover information from the
remote host such as its operating system type and exact version, its
hostname, and the list of services it is running.

Risk factor:
Medium

CVSS Base Score:5.0
CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N

Solution:
Filter incoming traffic to UDP port 5353 if desired.

Plugin output:
Nessus was able to extract the following information :

– mDNS hostname : MacBookPro-de-Marc-Andre.local.

– Advertised services :
o Service name : MacBookPro de Marc-Andr ._afpovertcp._tcp.local.
Port number : 548
o Service name : MacBookPro de Marc-Andr ._odisk._tcp.local.
Port number : 49152
o Service name : 67afc7ff/b09e12f51a7b2c025ed7d0a352f3e36402fbc608._ubd._tcp.local.
Port number : 49158

Plugin ID:
12218


Port appleshare (548/tcp) [-/+]
AFP Server Share Enumeration (guest)

Synopsis:
The « guest » user can access some network shares.

Description:
The remote AFP server allows guest users to connect to several
shares.

Make sure this is in line with your organization’s security policy.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
If you do not want the ‘guest’ user to be able to access any share on
the remote system :

– On Mac OS X client, edit System Preferences -> Accounts
-> Guest and uncheck the option ‘Allow guests to connect
to shared folders’.

– On Mac OS X server, edit the AFP service and disable
option ‘Allow guests to connect’.

Plugin output:
The following shares can be read as ‘guest’ :

- Documents
Contents :
– .com.apple.timemachine.supported
– .DS_Store
– .localized
– CV-MAL-2011-Francais-v6-1e.pdf
– Donne es utilisateurs Microsoft
– Mes cours

- Dossier public de Marc Andr L
Contents :
– .com.apple.timemachine.supported
– .DS_Store
– .localized
– Drop Box

Plugin ID:
45380

Apple Filing Protocol Server Detection

Synopsis:
An Apple file sharing service is listening on the remote port.

Description:
The remote service understands the Apple Filing Protocol (AFP) and
responds to a ‘FPGetSrvrInfo’ (‘DSIGetStatus’) request with
information about itself.

AFP is used to offer file services for Mac OS X as well as the older
Mac OS. In the past, it has also been known as ‘AppleTalk Filing
Protocol’ and ‘AppleShare’.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://www.nessus.org/u?7cadff1c

See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Filing_Protocol

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Nessus collected the following information about the remote AFP service :

Server name : MacBookPro de Marc-Andr
Machine type : MacBookPro5,3
UAMs : DHCAST128, DHX2, Recon1, Client Krb v2, GSS, No User Authent
AFP versions : AFP3.4, AFP3.3, AFP3.2, AFP3.1, AFPX03

The server allows the « guest » user to connect.

Plugin ID:
10666

192.168.62.68
Scan Time
Start time : Wed Feb 1 09:49:39 2012
End time : Wed Feb 1 09:53:52 2012

Number of vulnerabilities
Open ports : 18
High : 0
Medium : 4
Low : 33

Remote host information
Operating System : Mac OS X 10.7.2
NetBIOS name :
DNS name : MacMini-bureau


Port general (0/tcp) [-/+]
Nessus Scan Information

Synopsis:
Information about the Nessus scan.

Description:
This script displays, for each tested host, information about the
scan itself :

– The version of the plugin set
– The type of plugin feed (HomeFeed or ProfessionalFeed)
– The version of the Nessus Engine
– The port scanner(s) used
– The port range scanned
– Whether credentialed or third-party patch management
checks are possible
– The date of the scan
– The duration of the scan
– The number of hosts scanned in parallel
– The number of checks done in parallel

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Information about this scan :

Nessus version : 4.4.1
Plugin feed version : 201202010437
Type of plugin feed : HomeFeed (Non-commercial use only)
Scanner IP : 192.168.62.68
Port scanner(s) : netstat
Port range : default
Thorough tests : no
Experimental tests : no
Paranoia level : 1
Report Verbosity : 1
Safe checks : no
Optimize the test : yes
Credentialed checks : yes
Patch management checks : None
CGI scanning : disabled
Web application tests : disabled
Max hosts : 80
Max checks : 5
Recv timeout : 5
Backports : None
Scan Start Date : 2012/2/1 9:49
Scan duration : 253 sec

Plugin ID:
19506

Common Platform Enumeration (CPE)

Synopsis:
It is possible to enumerate CPE names that matched on the remote
system.

Description:
By using information obtained from a Nessus scan, this plugin reports
CPE (Common Platform Enumeration) matches for various hardware and
software products found on a host.

Note that if an official CPE is not available for the product, this
plugin computes the best possible CPE based on the information
available from the scan.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://cpe.mitre.org/

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
The remote operating system matched the following CPE :

cpe:/o:apple:mac_os_x:10.7.2

Following application CPE matched on the remote system :

cpe:/a:apple:itunes:10.5.3

Plugin ID:
45590

Device Type

Synopsis:
It is possible to guess the remote device type.

Description:
Based on the remote operating system, it is possible to determine
what the remote system type is (eg: a printer, router, general-purpose
computer, etc).

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Remote device type : general-purpose
Confidence level : 100

Plugin ID:
54615

OS Identification

Synopsis:
It is possible to guess the remote operating system.

Description:
Using a combination of remote probes, (TCP/IP, SMB, HTTP, NTP, SNMP, etc…)
it is possible to guess the name of the remote operating system in use, and
sometimes its version.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
N/A

Plugin output:
Remote operating system : Mac OS X 10.7.2
Confidence Level : 100
Method : uname

The remote host is running Mac OS X 10.7.2

Plugin ID:
11936

Adobe Flash Player for Mac Installed

Synopsis:
The remote Mac OS X host contains a browser enhancement for displaying
multimedia content.

Description:
Adobe Flash Player for Mac is installed on the remote Mac OS X host.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer/

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Version : 11.1.102.55

Plugin ID:
53914

Enumerate IPv4 Interfaces via SSH

Synopsis:
This plugin enumerates IPv4 interfaces on a remote host.

Description:
By connecting to the remote host via SSH with the supplied
credentials, this plugin enumerates network interfaces configured with
IPv4 addresses.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
Disable any unused IPv4 interfaces.

Plugin output:
The following IPv4 addresses are set on the remote host :

– 127.0.0.1 (on interface lo0)
– 192.168.62.68 (on interface en0)

Plugin ID:
25203

Enumerate IPv6 Interfaces via SSH

Synopsis:
This plugin enumerates IPv6 interfaces on a remote host.

Description:
By connecting to the remote host via SSH with the supplied
credentials, this plugin enumerates network interfaces configured with
IPv6 addresses.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
Disable IPv6 if you do not actually using it. Otherwise, disable any
unused IPv6 interfaces.

Plugin output:
The following IPv6 interfaces are set on the remote host :

– fe80::1 (on interface lo0)
– ::1 (on interface lo0)
– fe80::3e07:54ff:fe09:e0b1 (on interface en0)

Plugin ID:
25202

Time of Last System Startup

Synopsis:
The system has been started.

Description:
Using the supplied credentials, Nessus was able to determine when
the host was last started.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
reboot ~ Wed Feb 1 08:15
reboot ~ Mon Jan 30 10:33
reboot ~ Mon Jan 30 05:21
reboot ~ Sun Jan 29 06:07
reboot ~ Fri Jan 27 05:37
reboot ~ Thu Jan 26 11:01
reboot ~ Mon Jan 23 05:17
reboot ~ Sun Jan 22 17:34
reboot ~ Sun Jan 22 12:36
reboot ~ Sun Jan 22 12:34
reboot ~ Sun Jan 22 11:34
reboot ~ Sun Jan 22 11:30
reboot ~ Sun Jan 22 10:57
reboot ~ Sun Jan 22 09:27
reboot ~ Sun Jan 22 08:57
reboot ~ Sun Jan 22 05:48
reboot ~ Sat Jan 21 13:28
reboot ~ Sat Jan 21 12:38
reboot ~ Fri Jan 20 21:27
reboot ~ Fri Jan 20 21:27
reboot ~ Fri Jan 20 21:16

wtmp begins Fri Jan 20 21:16

Plugin ID:
56468

Dropbox Installed (Mac OS X)

Synopsis:
There is a file synchronization application on the remote host.

Description:
Dropbox is installed on the remote Mac OS X host. Dropbox is an
application for storing and synchronizing files between computers,
possibly outside the organization.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://www.dropbox.com/

Solution:
Ensure that use of this software agrees with your organization’s
acceptable use and security policies.

Plugin output:
Path : /Applications/Dropbox.app
Version : 1.2.49

Plugin ID:
55435

Device Hostname

Synopsis:
It is possible to determine the remote system hostname.

Description:
This plugin reports a device’s hostname collected via SSH or WMI.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Hostname : MacMini-bureau

Plugin ID:
55472

Software Enumeration (SSH)

Synopsis:
It is possible to enumerate installed software on the remote host, via
SSH.

Description:
This plugin lists the software installed on the remote host by calling
the appropriate command (rpm -qa on RPM-based Linux distributions,
qpkg, dpkg, etc…)

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
Remove any software that is not in compliance with your
organization’s acceptable use and security policies.

Plugin output:
Here is the list of packages installed on the remote Mac OS X system :

.SetupRegComplete
BSD.pkg
BrotherPPD.pkg
BrotherPrinterDrivers.pkg
Codecs QuickTime pour ProApps
Compressor
Contenu supplmentaire de Final Cut ProX
DivX Web Player
Final Cut
GarageBand
Java pour Mac OS X 107 – Mise jour 1
Keynote 511
MJ de la compatibilit avec le format RAW des appareils photo numriques
MacKeeper
Microsoft Silverlight Plug-in de Navigateur
Mise jour du client Apple Remote Desktop
Mise jour du logiciel Thunderbolt
MobileMouseServer
Nessus Server
PlugIn
Safari
db
iBooks Author
iDiagrams
iMovie
iPhoto
iTunes
iWork 09
iWork Update 6

Plugin ID:
22869

Firewall Rule Enumeration

Synopsis:
A firewall is configured on the remote host.

Description:
Using the supplied credentials, Nessus was able to get a list of
firewall rules from the remote host.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
By running « /sbin/pfctl -s queue 2>/dev/null », Nessus was able to get the following list
of firewall rules :

By running « ipfw list », Nessus was able to get the following list
of firewall rules :

65535 allow ip from any to any

By running « /sbin/pfctl -s nat 2>/dev/null », Nessus was able to get the following list
of firewall rules :

nat-anchor « com.apple/* » all
rdr-anchor « com.apple/* » all

By running « /sbin/pfctl -s rules 2>/dev/null », Nessus was able to get the following list
of firewall rules :

anchor « com.apple/* » all

Plugin ID:
56310

Ethernet Card Manufacturer Detection

Synopsis:
The manufacturer can be deduced from the Ethernet OUI.

Description:
Each ethernet MAC address starts with a 24-bit ‘Organizationally
Unique Identifier’.
These OUI are registered by IEEE.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://standards.ieee.org/faqs/OUI.html

See also:
http://standards.ieee.org/regauth/oui/index.shtml

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
The following card manufacturers were identified :

3c:07:54:09:e0:b1 : Apple, Inc.
28:37:37:12:f6:f9 : Apple, Inc.

Plugin ID:
35716

iTunes Version Detection (Mac OS X)

Synopsis:
The remote Mac OS X host has a copy of iTunes installed.

Description:
The remote host is running iTunes, a popular jukebox program.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
Make sure use of this program agrees with your organization’s
acceptable use and security policies.

Plugin output:
iTunes 10.5.3 is installed on the remote host.

Plugin ID:
25997

Enumerate MAC Addresses via SSH

Synopsis:
This plugin enumerates MAC addresses on a remote host.

Description:
By connecting to the remote host via SSH with the supplied
credentials, this plugin enumerates MAC addresses.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
Disable any unused interfaces.

Plugin output:
The following MAC addresses exist on the remote host :

– 3c:07:54:09:e0:b1 (interface en0)
– 28:37:37:12:f6:f9 (interface en1)
– 0a:37:37:12:f6:f9 (interface p2p0)

Plugin ID:
33276

Authenticated Check: OS Name and Installed Package Enumeration

Synopsis:
This plugin gathers information about the remote host via an
authenticated session.

Description:
This plugin logs into the remote host using SSH, RSH, RLOGIN, Telnet
or local commands and extracts the list of installed packages.

If using SSH, the scan should be configured with a valid SSH public
key and possibly an SSH passphrase (if the SSH public key is protected
by a passphrase).

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Nessus can run commands on localhost to check if patches are applied
The output of « uname -a » is :
Darwin MacMini-bureau 11.2.0 Darwin Kernel Version 11.2.0: Tue Aug 9 20:54:00 PDT 2011; root:xnu-1699.24.8~1/RELEASE_X86_64 x86_64 i386

Local security checks have been enabled for this host.

Plugin ID:
12634


Port ntp (123/udp) [-/+]
Network Time Protocol (NTP) Server Detection

Synopsis:
An NTP server is listening on the remote host.

Description:
An NTP (Network Time Protocol) server is listening on this port. It
provides information about the current date and time of the remote
system and may provide system information.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin ID:
10884


Port nessus (1241/tcp) [-/+]
SSL Certificate Cannot Be Trusted

Synopsis:
The SSL certificate for this service cannot be trusted.

Description:
The server’s X.509 certificate does not have a signature from a known
public certificate authority. This situation can occur in three
different ways, each of which results in a break in the chain below
which certificates cannot be trusted.

First, the top of the certificate chain sent by the server might not
be descended from a known public certificate authority. This can
occur either when the top of the chain is an unrecognized, self-signed
certificate, or when intermediate certificates are missing that would
connect the top of the certificate chain to a known public certificate
authority.

Second, the certificate chain may contain a certificate that is not
valid at the time of the scan. This can occur either when the scan
occurs before one of the certificate’s ‘notBefore’ dates, or after one
of the certificate’s ‘notAfter’ dates.

Third, the certificate chain may contain a signature that either
didn’t match the certificate’s information, or was not possible to
verify. Bad signatures can be fixed by getting the certificate with
the bad signature to be re-signed by its issuer. Signatures that
could not be verified are the result of the certificate’s issuer using
a signing algorithm that Nessus either does not support or does not
recognize.

If the remote host is a public host in production, any break in the
chain nullifies the use of SSL as anyone could establish a man in the
middle attack against the remote host.

Risk factor:
Medium

CVSS Base Score:6.4
CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N

Solution:
Purchase or generate a proper certificate for this service.

Plugin output:
The following certificates were at the top of the certificate
chain sent by the remote host, but are signed by an unknown
certificate authority :

|-Subject : O=Nessus Users United/OU=Nessus Certification Authority/L=New York/C=US/ST=NY/CN=Nessus Certification Authority
|-Issuer : O=Nessus Users United/OU=Nessus Certification Authority/L=New York/C=US/ST=NY/CN=Nessus Certification Authority

Plugin ID:
51192

SSL Self-Signed Certificate

Synopsis:
The SSL certificate chain for this service ends in an unrecognized
self-signed certificate.

Description:
The X.509 certificate chain for this service is not signed by a
recognized certificate authority. If the remote host is a public host
in production, this nullifies the use of SSL as anyone could establish
a man in the middle attack against the remote host.

Note that this plugin does not check for certificate chains that end
in a certificate that is not self-signed, but is signed by an
unrecognized certificate authority.

Risk factor:
Medium

CVSS Base Score:6.4
CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N

Solution:
Purchase or generate a proper certificate for this service.

Plugin output:
The following certificate was found at the top of the certificate
chain sent by the remote host, but is self-signed and was not
found in the list of known certificate authorities :

|-Subject : O=Nessus Users United/OU=Nessus Certification Authority/L=New York/C=US/ST=NY/CN=Nessus Certification Authority

Plugin ID:
57582

SSL Cipher Suites Supported

Synopsis:
The remote service encrypts communications using SSL.

Description:
This script detects which SSL ciphers are supported by the remote
service for encrypting communications.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Here is the list of SSL ciphers supported by the remote server :

High Strength Ciphers (>= 112-bit key)
TLSv1
DES-CBC3-SHA Kx=RSA Au=RSA Enc=3DES(168) Mac=SHA1
AES128-SHA Kx=RSA Au=RSA Enc=AES(128) Mac=SHA1
AES256-SHA Kx=RSA Au=RSA Enc=AES(256) Mac=SHA1
RC4-MD5 Kx=RSA Au=RSA Enc=RC4(128) Mac=MD5
RC4-SHA Kx=RSA Au=RSA Enc=RC4(128) Mac=SHA1

The fields above are :

{OpenSSL ciphername}
Kx={key exchange}
Au={authentication}
Enc={symmetric encryption method}
Mac={message authentication code}
{export flag}

Plugin ID:
21643

SSL Certificate Information

Synopsis:
This plugin displays the SSL certificate.

Description:
This plugin connects to every SSL-related port and attempts to
extract and dump the X.509 certificate.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Subject Name:

Organization: Nessus Users United
Organization Unit: Nessus Server
Locality: New York
Country: US
State/Province: NY
Common Name: MacMini-bureau

Issuer Name:

Organization: Nessus Users United
Organization Unit: Nessus Certification Authority
Locality: New York
Country: US
State/Province: NY
Common Name: Nessus Certification Authority

Serial Number: 00 A9 82

Version: 3

Signature Algorithm: SHA-1 With RSA Encryption

Not Valid Before: Feb 01 14:22:09 2012 GMT
Not Valid After: Jan 31 14:22:09 2013 GMT

Public Key Info:

Algorithm: RSA Encryption
Public Key: 00 C4 28 6A 5B 9F F3 EF E6 DD 81 41 42 FC 4C D9 AF 80 A6 58
BA 03 60 49 74 C6 9C EB BD 5A 7B 92 B8 17 76 DE B5 3C 92 A0
34 61 73 24 33 46 7F 37 0F 2C 1C 6C F0 00 C4 C5 55 6B FA A2
5F E2 89 D9 9F C9 2A D2 83 E2 94 64 7D 7E ED 52 BE E4 50 62
A4 6D D3 6C 4B AE 32 B6 BC 24 3F 4D E7 FF 8F A6 45 40 1C 8F
9A D4 C1 22 75 83 99 BF 0A E7 83 33 56 0C 6B CE D7 C7 2B E4
08 63 06 C8 A0 ED 4E 5D C1
Exponent: 01 00 01

Signature: 00 8B 6F 6A 84 75 5B ED 2D CC 0A B0 80 00 83 5B 52 C1 49 39
1F 00 82 A3 1F E0 E0 CA 8F 65 01 86 F9 72 08 21 FC BA 86 05
E5 21 15 D4 7D AC C6 F8 68 AF AE 77 15 B5 0C FB 6F 0A 86 50
3A 62 CB 94 0A 1A CC 0C 45 32 72 E7 BE 53 17 BC C7 22 61 91
70 43 11 FB D5 90 CA 27 C7 0C 5C 54 B0 7A E8 91 C1 0B 3F 7F
6D 4B 83 8B C7 70 F1 48 65 46 55 C3 35 A4 E3 FC 6F B5 5B 6C
0B 17 2F 71 98 22 BF B9 AF

Extension: 2.16.840.1.113730.1.1
Critical: 0
Data: 03 02 06 40

Extension: Key Usage (2.5.29.15)
Critical: 1
Key Usage: Digital Signature, Non Repudiation, Key Encipherment

Plugin ID:
10863

SSL / TLS Versions Supported

Synopsis:
The remote service encrypts communications.

Description:
This script detects which SSL and TLS versions are supported by the
remote service for encrypting communications.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
This port supports TLSv1.0.

Plugin ID:
56984

Nessus Server Detection

Synopsis:
A Nessus daemon is listening on the remote port.

Description:
A Nessus daemon is listening on the remote port. It is not
recommended to let anyone connect to this port.

Also, make sure that the remote Nessus installation has been
authorized.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
Filter incoming traffic to this port.

Plugin ID:
10147

Service Detection

Synopsis:
The remote service could be identified.

Description:
It was possible to identify the remote service by its banner or by looking
at the error message it sends when it receives an HTTP request.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
A TLSv1 server answered on this port.

Plugin ID:
22964


Port netbios-ns? (137/udp) [-/+]


Port netbios-dgm? (138/udp) [-/+]


Port unknown (17500/tcp) [-/+]


Port unknown (49155/tcp) [-/+]


Port unknown (51575/udp) [-/+]


Port unknown (51847/udp) [-/+]


Port mdns? (5353/udp) [-/+]


Port appleshare (548/tcp) [-/+]
AFP Server Share Enumeration (guest)

Synopsis:
The « guest » user can access some network shares.

Description:
The remote AFP server allows guest users to connect to several
shares.

Make sure this is in line with your organization’s security policy.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
If you do not want the ‘guest’ user to be able to access any share on
the remote system :

– On Mac OS X client, edit System Preferences -> Accounts
-> Guest and uncheck the option ‘Allow guests to connect
to shared folders’.

– On Mac OS X server, edit the AFP service and disable
option ‘Allow guests to connect’.

Plugin output:
The following shares can be read as ‘guest’ :

- Dossier public de Marc Andre Le
Contents :
– .com.apple.timemachine.supported
– .DS_Store
– .localized
– Drop Box

Plugin ID:
45380

Apple Filing Protocol Server Detection

Synopsis:
An Apple file sharing service is listening on the remote port.

Description:
The remote service understands the Apple Filing Protocol (AFP) and
responds to a ‘FPGetSrvrInfo’ (‘DSIGetStatus’) request with
information about itself.

AFP is used to offer file services for Mac OS X as well as the older
Mac OS. In the past, it has also been known as ‘AppleTalk Filing
Protocol’ and ‘AppleShare’.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://www.nessus.org/u?7cadff1c

See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Filing_Protocol

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Nessus collected the following information about the remote AFP service :

Server name : MacMini bureau
Machine type : Macmini5,2
UAMs : DHCAST128, DHX2, Recon1, Client Krb v2, GSS, No User Authent
AFP versions : AFP3.4, AFP3.3, AFP3.2, AFP3.1, AFPX03

The server allows the « guest » user to connect.

Plugin ID:
10666


Port unknown (55092/udp) [-/+]


Port unknown (55652/udp) [-/+]


Port unknown (63563/udp) [-/+]


Port unknown (65535/udp) [-/+]


Port kerberos? (88/tcp) [-/+]
Kerberos Information Disclosure

Synopsis:
The remote Kerberos server is leaking information.

Description:
Nessus was able to retrieve the realm name and/or server time of the
remote Kerberos server.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Nessus gathered the following information :

Server time : 2012-02-01 14:49:53 UTC
Realm : <unspecified realm>

Plugin ID:
43829


Port www (8834/tcp) [-/+]
SSL Certificate Cannot Be Trusted

Synopsis:
The SSL certificate for this service cannot be trusted.

Description:
The server’s X.509 certificate does not have a signature from a known
public certificate authority. This situation can occur in three
different ways, each of which results in a break in the chain below
which certificates cannot be trusted.

First, the top of the certificate chain sent by the server might not
be descended from a known public certificate authority. This can
occur either when the top of the chain is an unrecognized, self-signed
certificate, or when intermediate certificates are missing that would
connect the top of the certificate chain to a known public certificate
authority.

Second, the certificate chain may contain a certificate that is not
valid at the time of the scan. This can occur either when the scan
occurs before one of the certificate’s ‘notBefore’ dates, or after one
of the certificate’s ‘notAfter’ dates.

Third, the certificate chain may contain a signature that either
didn’t match the certificate’s information, or was not possible to
verify. Bad signatures can be fixed by getting the certificate with
the bad signature to be re-signed by its issuer. Signatures that
could not be verified are the result of the certificate’s issuer using
a signing algorithm that Nessus either does not support or does not
recognize.

If the remote host is a public host in production, any break in the
chain nullifies the use of SSL as anyone could establish a man in the
middle attack against the remote host.

Risk factor:
Medium

CVSS Base Score:6.4
CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N

Solution:
Purchase or generate a proper certificate for this service.

Plugin output:
The following certificates were at the top of the certificate
chain sent by the remote host, but are signed by an unknown
certificate authority :

|-Subject : O=Nessus Users United/OU=Nessus Certification Authority/L=New York/C=US/ST=NY/CN=Nessus Certification Authority
|-Issuer : O=Nessus Users United/OU=Nessus Certification Authority/L=New York/C=US/ST=NY/CN=Nessus Certification Authority

Plugin ID:
51192

SSL Self-Signed Certificate

Synopsis:
The SSL certificate chain for this service ends in an unrecognized
self-signed certificate.

Description:
The X.509 certificate chain for this service is not signed by a
recognized certificate authority. If the remote host is a public host
in production, this nullifies the use of SSL as anyone could establish
a man in the middle attack against the remote host.

Note that this plugin does not check for certificate chains that end
in a certificate that is not self-signed, but is signed by an
unrecognized certificate authority.

Risk factor:
Medium

CVSS Base Score:6.4
CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N

Solution:
Purchase or generate a proper certificate for this service.

Plugin output:
The following certificate was found at the top of the certificate
chain sent by the remote host, but is self-signed and was not
found in the list of known certificate authorities :

|-Subject : O=Nessus Users United/OU=Nessus Certification Authority/L=New York/C=US/ST=NY/CN=Nessus Certification Authority

Plugin ID:
57582

SSL Cipher Suites Supported

Synopsis:
The remote service encrypts communications using SSL.

Description:
This script detects which SSL ciphers are supported by the remote
service for encrypting communications.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Here is the list of SSL ciphers supported by the remote server :

High Strength Ciphers (>= 112-bit key)
SSLv3
DES-CBC3-SHA Kx=RSA Au=RSA Enc=3DES(168) Mac=SHA1
RC4-MD5 Kx=RSA Au=RSA Enc=RC4(128) Mac=MD5
RC4-SHA Kx=RSA Au=RSA Enc=RC4(128) Mac=SHA1
TLSv1
DES-CBC3-SHA Kx=RSA Au=RSA Enc=3DES(168) Mac=SHA1
AES128-SHA Kx=RSA Au=RSA Enc=AES(128) Mac=SHA1
AES256-SHA Kx=RSA Au=RSA Enc=AES(256) Mac=SHA1
RC4-MD5 Kx=RSA Au=RSA Enc=RC4(128) Mac=MD5
RC4-SHA Kx=RSA Au=RSA Enc=RC4(128) Mac=SHA1

The fields above are :

{OpenSSL ciphername}
Kx={key exchange}
Au={authentication}
Enc={symmetric encryption method}
Mac={message authentication code}
{export flag}

Plugin ID:
21643

SSL Certificate Information

Synopsis:
This plugin displays the SSL certificate.

Description:
This plugin connects to every SSL-related port and attempts to
extract and dump the X.509 certificate.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Subject Name:

Organization: Nessus Users United
Organization Unit: Nessus Server
Locality: New York
Country: US
State/Province: NY
Common Name: MacMini-bureau

Issuer Name:

Organization: Nessus Users United
Organization Unit: Nessus Certification Authority
Locality: New York
Country: US
State/Province: NY
Common Name: Nessus Certification Authority

Serial Number: 00 A9 82

Version: 3

Signature Algorithm: SHA-1 With RSA Encryption

Not Valid Before: Feb 01 14:22:09 2012 GMT
Not Valid After: Jan 31 14:22:09 2013 GMT

Public Key Info:

Algorithm: RSA Encryption
Public Key: 00 C4 28 6A 5B 9F F3 EF E6 DD 81 41 42 FC 4C D9 AF 80 A6 58
BA 03 60 49 74 C6 9C EB BD 5A 7B 92 B8 17 76 DE B5 3C 92 A0
34 61 73 24 33 46 7F 37 0F 2C 1C 6C F0 00 C4 C5 55 6B FA A2
5F E2 89 D9 9F C9 2A D2 83 E2 94 64 7D 7E ED 52 BE E4 50 62
A4 6D D3 6C 4B AE 32 B6 BC 24 3F 4D E7 FF 8F A6 45 40 1C 8F
9A D4 C1 22 75 83 99 BF 0A E7 83 33 56 0C 6B CE D7 C7 2B E4
08 63 06 C8 A0 ED 4E 5D C1
Exponent: 01 00 01

Signature: 00 8B 6F 6A 84 75 5B ED 2D CC 0A B0 80 00 83 5B 52 C1 49 39
1F 00 82 A3 1F E0 E0 CA 8F 65 01 86 F9 72 08 21 FC BA 86 05
E5 21 15 D4 7D AC C6 F8 68 AF AE 77 15 B5 0C FB 6F 0A 86 50
3A 62 CB 94 0A 1A CC 0C 45 32 72 E7 BE 53 17 BC C7 22 61 91
70 43 11 FB D5 90 CA 27 C7 0C 5C 54 B0 7A E8 91 C1 0B 3F 7F
6D 4B 83 8B C7 70 F1 48 65 46 55 C3 35 A4 E3 FC 6F B5 5B 6C
0B 17 2F 71 98 22 BF B9 AF

Extension: 2.16.840.1.113730.1.1
Critical: 0
Data: 03 02 06 40

Extension: Key Usage (2.5.29.15)
Critical: 1
Key Usage: Digital Signature, Non Repudiation, Key Encipherment

Plugin ID:
10863

HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Information

Synopsis:
Some information about the remote HTTP configuration can be extracted.

Description:
This test gives some information about the remote HTTP protocol – the
version used, whether HTTP Keep-Alive and HTTP pipelining are enabled,
etc…

This test is informational only and does not denote any security
problem.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Protocol version : HTTP/1.1
SSL : yes
Keep-Alive : no
Options allowed : (Not implemented)
Headers :

Date: Wed, 01 Feb 2012 14:50:22 GMT
Server: NessusWWW
Connection: close
Expires: Wed, 01 Feb 2012 14:50:22 GMT
Content-Length: 6518
Content-Type: text/html
X-Frame-Options: DENY
Cache-Control:
Expires: 0
Pragma :

Plugin ID:
24260

Web Server / Application favicon.ico Vendor Fingerprinting

Synopsis:
The remote web server contains a graphic image that is prone to
information disclosure.

Description:
The ‘favicon.ico’ file found on the remote web server belongs to a
popular webserver. This may be used to fingerprint the web server.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
Remove the ‘favicon.ico’ file or create a custom one for your site.

Plugin output:
The MD5 fingerprint for ‘favicon.ico’ suggests the web server is Nessus 4.x Web Client.

Plugin ID:
20108

Other references:
OSVDB:39272

HTTP Server Type and Version

Synopsis:
A web server is running on the remote host.

Description:
This plugin attempts to determine the type and the version of the
remote web server.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
The remote web server type is :

NessusWWW

Plugin ID:
10107

SSL / TLS Versions Supported

Synopsis:
The remote service encrypts communications.

Description:
This script detects which SSL and TLS versions are supported by the
remote service for encrypting communications.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
This port supports SSLv3/TLSv1.0.

Plugin ID:
56984

Service Detection

Synopsis:
The remote service could be identified.

Description:
It was possible to identify the remote service by its banner or by looking
at the error message it sends when it receives an HTTP request.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
A web server is running on this port through TLSv1.

Plugin ID:
22964

Service Detection

Synopsis:
The remote service could be identified.

Description:
It was possible to identify the remote service by its banner or by looking
at the error message it sends when it receives an HTTP request.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
A TLSv1 server answered on this port.

Plugin ID:
22964

192.168.62.75
Scan Time
Start time : Wed Feb 1 09:49:44 2012
End time : Wed Feb 1 10:03:00 2012

Number of vulnerabilities
Open ports : 0
High : 0
Medium : 1
Low : 3

Remote host information
Operating System :
NetBIOS name :
DNS name :


Port general (0/udp) [-/+]
Traceroute Information

Synopsis:
It was possible to obtain traceroute information.

Description:
Makes a traceroute to the remote host.

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
For your information, here is the traceroute from 192.168.62.68 to 192.168.62.75 :
192.168.62.68
192.168.62.75

Plugin ID:
10287

Nessus Scan Information

Synopsis:
Information about the Nessus scan.

Description:
This script displays, for each tested host, information about the
scan itself :

– The version of the plugin set
– The type of plugin feed (HomeFeed or ProfessionalFeed)
– The version of the Nessus Engine
– The port scanner(s) used
– The port range scanned
– Whether credentialed or third-party patch management
checks are possible
– The date of the scan
– The duration of the scan
– The number of hosts scanned in parallel
– The number of checks done in parallel

Risk factor:
None

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
Information about this scan :

Nessus version : 4.4.1
Plugin feed version : 201202010437
Type of plugin feed : HomeFeed (Non-commercial use only)
Scanner IP : 192.168.62.68
Port scanner(s) : nessus_syn_scanner
Port range : default
Thorough tests : no
Experimental tests : no
Paranoia level : 1
Report Verbosity : 1
Safe checks : no
Optimize the test : yes
Credentialed checks : no
Patch management checks : None
CGI scanning : disabled
Web application tests : disabled
Max hosts : 80
Max checks : 5
Recv timeout : 5
Backports : None
Scan Start Date : 2012/2/1 9:49
Scan duration : 796 sec

Plugin ID:
19506

Ethernet Card Manufacturer Detection

Synopsis:
The manufacturer can be deduced from the Ethernet OUI.

Description:
Each ethernet MAC address starts with a 24-bit ‘Organizationally
Unique Identifier’.
These OUI are registered by IEEE.

Risk factor:
None

See also:
http://standards.ieee.org/faqs/OUI.html

See also:
http://standards.ieee.org/regauth/oui/index.shtml

Solution:
n/a

Plugin output:
The following card manufacturers were identified :

28:6a:ba:80:eb:49 : IEEE-SA

Plugin ID:
35716


Port mdns (5353/udp) [-/+]
mDNS Detection

Synopsis:
It is possible to obtain information about the remote host.

Description:
The remote service understands the Bonjour (also known as ZeroConf or
mDNS) protocol, which allows anyone to uncover information from the
remote host such as its operating system type and exact version, its
hostname, and the list of services it is running.

Risk factor:
Medium

CVSS Base Score:5.0
CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N

Solution:
Filter incoming traffic to UDP port 5353 if desired.

Plugin output:
Nessus was able to extract the following information :

– mDNS hostname : iPad-blanc-de-imusee.local.

Plugin ID:
12218

September 2011 WLAN Audit

On Saturday, September 24th, 2011 from 9:00a.m. to 13:00, for the 8th time since 2007, students from the Wireless Networking program at Champlain College Saint-Lambert under the supervision of their professor, Marc-André Léger, performed a wireless network security audit in the streets of Montréal, Québec, Canada as an educational activity. This article presents an overview of what was done and a summary of the results.

Audit objectives

This was primarily intended as an educational activity inspired by media reports and documentaries on the vulnerabilities of home wireless networks. Similar activities had taken place seven times since 2007 with previous cohorts of students from the same program. As before, the educational objective was to provide the students with hands-on experience in performing a wireless network audit. The general objective was to perform a partial area Wireless LAN audit and map the wireless networks (either home or business) that where found. This would give the students an idea of the current situation of wireless networks in the Montreal region.

As in the previous exercises, to respect the right to privacy of residents, students where instructed to only observe wireless data packets and signals present outside the limits of private property, never trespassing. No attempt to access computer facilities, files or resources was to be undertaken by students.

Activity logistics

The students where divided in 8 teams of 2 or 3 students. Each team was assigned an area in the Montreal region. Students who participated in the exercise where required to have a laptop per team, equipped with a wireless (802.11b, g and n) network adapter and scanning software (Vistumbler). Those who did not have this equipment had it supplied to them by the College.

War driving or WLAN Security audit ?

War driving is the act of driving around an area searching using a laptop computer or a portable device (PDA, Scanner), to detect networks. The name War driving comes from war dialing, which has been popularized in the 1983 movie WarGames. As for the previous exercise, it was decided to call the exercise a WLAN Security Audit as War Drive has negative connotations.

War driving is possible because users of wireless networks, due to lack of knowledge, lack of adequate information, ignorance or laziness leave their wireless access points unsecured. In many cases the devices are unsecured because the default configuration that was in place when the device was purchased is still being used.

Findings

During the war drive a total of 32724 devices where found (n=32724).

Because the software used for the exercise was able to differentiate the various authentification standards used in wireless LANs, this information was also gathered. This had not been possible in all previous exercises due to limitations in the Netstumbler software that had been used until the winter 2011 semester. This information is presented in table 2.

Based on the data, the situation seems to have improved with only 7.3% open. In the Fall 2010 sample, 25% of WLANs where unencrypted. However, this would seem to be an anomaly. The Winter 2011 results (12,6% open) are similar to the winter and Fall 2009 results. In the Fall of 2009 the result of 11,3% had been interpreted as an ongoing improvement from the already good result of 12.6% in the spring 2009 and much better that the 22.7% from 2008, the 24% from the Fall 2007 exercise and the 31% from the Winter 2007 exercise. The raw summary data is available here.

Conclusion

In previous years the data had shown improvement in wireless network security. While the results from 2007 and 2008 where far from being an ideal situation, 2009 and 2010 results indicated that the trends that had been identified in the past continued. This is perceived as very positive.

March 2011 wardrive in Montreal

On Saturday, March 12th, 2011, for the 7th time since 2007, students from the Wireless Networking program at Champlain College Saint-Lambert and their professor performed a wardrive in Montreal, Quebec, Canada as an educational activity.

Audit objectives

This was primarily intended as an educational activity inspired by media reports and documentaries on the vulnerabilities of home wireless networks. Similar activities had taken place in 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010 with previous cohorts of students from the same program. As before, the principal objective from an educational point of view was to provide the students with hands-on experience in performing a wireless network audit). The general objective was to perform a partial area Wireless LAN audit and map the wireless networks (either home or business) that where found. This would give the students an idea of the current situation of wireless networks in the Montreal region.

As in the previous exercises, to respect the right to privacy of residents, students where instructed to only observed IEEE 802.11x data packets and signals present outside the limits of private property, never trespassing. Students had been strictly advised that all activities where being performed on public propriety as a community service activity. No attempt to access computer facilities, files or resources was to be undertaken by students. This was also done to respect Art. 342.1 of the Criminal Code of Canada.

Activity logistics

Thirteen (13) students participated from the WLAN Fundamentals course. The students where divided in teams of 2 or 3 students. Each team was assigned an area in various areas in the Montreal region. These where located in the cities and neighborhoods known as: Brossard, Laprairie, Verdun, Lasalle, Ville-‘arie (Downtown commercial area), Plateau-Mt-Royal, Hochelaga-Maisonneuve, Villeray-St-Michel, Ahuntsic and St-Laurent. Students who participated in the exercise where required to have a laptop per team, equipped with a wireless (802.11b and g) network adapter and an open source scanning software (Vistumbler). Those who did not have this equipment had it supplied to them by the College.

War driving or WLAN Security audit ?

War driving is the act of driving around an area searching using a laptop computer or a portable device (PDA, Scanner), to detect networks. The name War driving comes from war dialing, which has been popularized in the 1983 movie WarGames. As for the previous exercise, it was decided to call the exercise a WLAN Security Audit as War Drive has negative connotations.

War driving is possible because users of wireless networks, due to lack of knowledge, lack of adequate information, ignorance or laziness leave their wireless access points unsecured. In many cases the devices are unsecured because the default configuration that was in place when the device was purchased is still being used.

Findings

During the war drive a total of 11656 devices where found. For this article, all the devices where used to form the sample (n=11656).

Because the software used for the exercise was able to differenciate the various authentification standards used in wireless LANs, this information was also gathered. This had not been possible in previous exercises due to limitations in the Netstumbler software that had been used. This information is presented in table 2, below.

Based on the data, the situation seems to have stabilized. In the Fall 2010 sample, 25% of WLANs where unencrypted. However, this would seem to be an anomaly. The Winter 2011 results (12,6% open) are similar to the winter and Fall 2009 results. In the Fall of 2009 the result of 11,3% had been interpreted as an ongoing improvement from the already good result of 12.6% in the spring 2009 and much better that the 22.7% from 2008, the 24% from the Fall 2007 exercise and the 31% from the Winter 2007 exercise. Possible explanations for the results are a lack, or reduced visibility and budgets, of IT security awareness campaigns in 2010, which where held in Québec in 2008 and 2009.

As in all the previous exercises, the potential problem of the close proximity of multiple wireless devices using channel 6 was found. As before, the use of other channels, channel 1 and 11, has increased. These are distant enough (4 channels minimum) to avoid, or significantly reduce, interference. We also found that some AP’s where configured using channels : 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 149, 153, 157, 161, 165. The raw summary data is available here: https://spreadsheets.google.com/ccc?key=0As-5UGmDMSQadF9xX3BYZjVhUS1VczNHMGtvWnhlRHc&hl=en

Conclusion

The students seemed quite pleased by the experience as per previous years, allowing them to visualize some of the theoretical concepts seen in class. In previous years the data had shown improvement in wireless network security. While the results from 2007 and 2008 where far from being an ideal situation, 2009 and 2010 results indicated that the trends that had been identified in the past continued. This is perceived as very positive.

Bibliography

Léger, Marc-André (2007, 2008, 2009,2010, 2011) Class presentation for the course WLAN Fundamentals, available on www.leger.ca

Comm226E – W2011 – Assignment 1


Student ID TP 1 Student ID TP 1 Student ID TP 1
1114956 3 9201629 3 9606440 4
1120565 late ? 9226257 4 9640495 late ?
1294024 3 9243666 4 9642307 4
1296817 3 9247297 4 9642625 3
1298194 4 9273247 3 9645144 4
1338226 3 9293787 3 9647996 4
1710117 3 9314725 3 9651683 3
1872230 3 9344837 4 9673725 3
1901230 3 9367489 late ? 9675795 3
1949209 4 9416641 3 9683380 2
1960946 3 9417559 3 9689230 3
1963805 2 9421262 3 9694749 3
2540002 4 9422358 3 9697888 3
2603594 4 9447725 3 9735607 4
2944227 3 9455493 late ? 9752102 3
3034666 3 9466029 4 9761438 3
3332330 3 9490639 3 9762507 3
5344360 3 9494634 3 9764739 3
5468191 3 9502742 4 9769552 3
5593433 4 9506268 3 9770178 4
5604125 3 9523081 3 9770380 4
5606950 3 9526420 4 9770429 3
5607337 3 9532544 2 9770585 3
5739322 4 9541527 4 9770844 3
5745950 3 9543937 3 9773592 3
5747201 late ? 9550526 3 9775315 3
5793866 4 9553185 4 9775897 late ?
5832543 late ? 9561978 3 9776117 3
5889545 4 9566228 3 9777822 4
6004350 late ? 9570160 4 9781560 4
6023509 late ? 9575774 4 9781943 3
6041728 3 9577130 3 9782788 late ?
9004262 3 9578692 3 9787208 3
9015000 3 9580875 4 9814116 2
9055002 3 9583025 3 3,2
9088490 late ? 9585060 4
9109447 3 9587063 2
9123997 late ? 9593349 3
9144781 3 9593918 4
9166025 3 9598413 3
9182349 3 9598901 3
9199055 3 9600140 4
9600752 3

Assignment 1 – Comm226E

Concordia University – John Molson School of Business – Comm 226 course, section E, Winter 2011
This assignment is worth 4 marks. You may do this assignment either individually or in team of two members provided the two members are enrolled in the same major.

It must be handed in by January 26, 2011 either in class or before 4:00 pm to my office mailbox (MB 12-145). Assignments dropped after 4:00 pm will be considered as late assignments and subject to a mark penalty as indicated in the course outline.

Using postings from LinkedIN (http://www.linkedin.com ) and Facebook jobs section, you are required to find 16 different job openings according to the details provided below. The job postings must not be older than three months. Then, using these ads, you need to write a document in which you will:

1) List the job titles and for each provide the url of the posting;

2) Under each job title, list the skills and knowledge requirements that appear in each ad;

  • If your major is NOT in MIS:
  1. You need to find 8 job openings in Canada in your major area and 8 job openings in Canada in MIS.
  2. In your written document, you must highlight the skills and knowledge requirements pertaining to MIS in the job openings from your area.
  3. In your written document, you must underline the skills and knowledge requirements pertaining to your major in the MIS job openings.

If your major is MIS:

  1. You need to find 8 job openings in MIS in Canada and 8 job openings in Canada in your minor area.
  2. In your written document, you must highlight the skills and knowledge requirements pertaining to your minor in the MIS job postings.
  3. In your written document, you must underline the skills and knowledge requirements pertaining to MIS in the job postings related to your minor area.

3) Write a 300 to 500 words paragraph in which you analyze your results. For example, identify common skills and knowledge requirements to all job titles, skills and knowledge requirements related to MIS in the non-MIS job postings, and skills and knowledge requirements pertaining to your major in the MIS postings. What software(s) are employers expecting the applicants to know? Are all job descriptions similar or different? Are requirements different in postings from small vs large firms? What do you feel is exciting, interesting, or boring about these jobs? Add any other relevant/interesting concluding comment. This concluding paragraph is important and should demonstrate that you carefully analyzed your findings.

You are required to hand in:

A hardcopy of your word processed document clearly identifying your name, student id, section, major and minor areas on top of the first page (handwritten assignments will not be accepted).

Important note: Do not use a cover sheet or a plastic cover or pocket.